To be able to analyse the characteristics of your audience, you must first know your play and what kind of audience it would attract. Once you know what your target audience is to analyse the audience you could perhaps do the performance for free with your target audience to analyse them as a trial run, and then once you’ve figured out what your target audience is, and analysed them in person you will know more about them, granting you the ability to adapt your play more to your target audience’s liking, but keeping it kind of neutral at the same time so in case a unexpected audience came to watch your play at the same time.